【摘要】 为探究在不同引物、不同参考数据库下环境DNA技术检测结果的差异，于2021年4月，采用环境DNA宏条形码技术分析了青岚湖鱼类多样性。选取16S rRNA及Cytb 2种引物，NCBI及本地数据库2种数据库，分别进行比对注释。结果表明：在青岚湖29个采样点中，共检测到7目15科43属64种鱼类，其中在16S-NCBI情形下获得4目9科19属20种鱼类，在16S-本地数据库情形下获得6目13科27属38种鱼类，在Cytb-NCBI情形下获得4目6科16属19种鱼类，在Cytb-本地数据库情形下获得2目5科15属20种鱼类。在青岚湖29个采样点中，鱼类更多地分布于湖面宽阔的中间地带(如S31附近),且南部较北部更少，鱼种的分布呈现一定的空间相似性。就研究区域而言，选择16S rRNA引物及本地数据库可以获得更全面的鱼类物种。通过与青岚湖鱼类历史数据比对发现，环境DNA技术在研究区域具有较强的适用性，如能选择适当的引物和本地数据库，可以更全面地反映研究区域的物种组成情况。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to understand the differences in environmental DNA technology testing results under the conditions of selecting different primers and databases, we used this method to explore fish diversity in the Qinglan Lake in April 2021.Two primers, 16S rRNA and Cytb, were selected, and NCBI and local databases were compared and annotated.The results showed that: A total of 7 orders, 15 families, 43 genera and 64 species of fish were detected at 29 sampling sites in the Qinglan Lake.Among them, 4 orders, 9 families, 19 genera and 20 species of fish were obtained under 16S-NCBI; 6 orders, 13 families, 27 genera and 38 species were obtained under 16S-local database; 4 orders, 6 families, 16 genera and 19 species were obtained under Cytb-NCBI; 2 orders, 5 families, 15 genera and 20 species were obtained from Cytb-local database.Among the 29 sampling sites in the Qinglan Lake, more fish were distributed in the middle of the broad area of the lake(such as near S31),and fewer fish species were distributed in the south than in the north, showing a certain spatial similarity.In terms of the study area, selecting 16S rRNA primers and local databases can obtain more fish species than other primers and NCBI.This study shows that environmental DNA has great potential in biodiversity detection, but its detection effect is affected by primers and databases.更多还原